Pollarding is similar to coppicing in that the trees are regularly cut back in order to rejuvenate the tops so that small diameter fuelwood can be harvested. These "fells," or management blocks-usually no more than an acre in size- also provide patches of higher light intensity within the forest, which in turn stimulate a tremendous profusion of flowering and fruiting shrubs and wildflowers. The continuous cutting of small blocks of coppice creates a mosaic of environments that offers much more diverse habitat for game animals and birds than the native forest itself. "Standards" are the trees selected (often planted) to grow into large timber. The word also refers to the regrowth itself. "Coppice" is the practice of cutting trees to the ground purposely to stimulate resprouting. The forest-dwelling cultures of northern Europe developed cultural methods of woodland management well suited to sustaining both permanent forest and a continuous flow of woodland products to support their societies.Ī permanent system of forest cultivation called coppice-with-standards evolved in the British Isles over the past thousand years, which provided a large range of products-from construction timber to fencing and furniture parts to fruits, nuts, honey, and wild game-while maintaining continuous forest cover. Coppice-with-Standards: New Forestry with Ancient Roots This traditional system supports sustainable production of timber and nontimber forest products, while enhancing ecosystem diversity and wildlife habitat. Coppice-with-standards is a two-story woodland management system where among cut trees or "coppice" some trees are left to grow as larger size timber, called "standards".
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